Urban free zones (include) are starting to take a shot of old. In any case, the first wave of them (44 100 sites) which launched there fourteen years by the Juppe Government, is exposed to a "possible shortness of breath. This is what believe analysts of the Observatory of the sensitive urban areas (Onzus) of which the last annual report is officially presented this morning at Maurice Leroy, Minister of the city.
Their assessment is based on an observation: companies are now much more likely to enter these ancient sites, where they benefit from tax exemptions and payroll, in common law territories. Estimated at 24.2 last year, the rate of such installation, is beyond more than 2.2 points of the agglomeration of home.
Factors explain this settlement that the Onzus think continued. First, the space is scarce on the strengthening of first generation, which "limits, for entrepreneurs, to find premises to install". Then, certain rules have been reviewed last year. This change provides, with regard to sites where the employer exemption system must end end of 2011, "might have induced a certain mistrust on the part of entrepreneurs."
Generation zones 2 and 3 do not have this problem of attractiveness. In the first installation rate is located at more than 30, 8.6 points better than on the rest of their town. 15 From the last wave, that is created in late 2006 include are just less well (27.2). In all cases, the export processing zones also benefit from the rise of the autoentrepreneurs, even if it is more marked off.
Line of withdrawal
On the employment front, the strengthening, crisis requires, on a line of withdrawal. The Onzus sales decreased to 0.5 in 2008. However, the shock was less harsh than the rest of the territory (-0,9). The role of this device damper however was seriously challenged badly last year. The rate of growth of the "exempt jobs" have a large third of the assets of the free zones, "is declining very strongly with barely more than 11,000 hirings.Either a decline of 33 over 2008, according to the report of the Observatory, which noted that "the oldest such have tended to lose more employees".
This underperformance does not prevent business leaders and elected officials to advocate the extension of the derogation regime on these sites beyond next year. "Companies will benefit from for nine years, the case being progressive," concedes Yann Airaudo, the President of the Association undertake by Zone Franche. "But we campaign for an extension, the time for the economic fabric that was born to perpetuate its foundations", he explains.
Marseilles, the first such was created in 1997, the concern is. "Is economic and social risk for these neighbourhoods, said Roland Blum, first Deputy (UMP) for Mayor of Marseille." "A number of companies that are installed will cease to grow and will hire less if the device is questioned. Eugène Caselli, (PS) President of the community urbaine Marseille Provence Métropole has launched a manifesto for the extension of the device. "Pas question to spin this powerful lever for integration and urban renewal", prevents the elected.
In the city itself, the device allowed 13.100 net jobs created. Primary beneficiary, the northern districts of the city where the unemployment rate rose from 30 to 16.
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